Anti poison principle of poison filter tank

The filling material in the poison filter tank is composed of an adsorbent layer and a filter layer. Among them, the adsorption layer is used to filter toxic vapor, and the filter layer is used to filter harmful sol.

(1) Anti poison principle of adsorbent layer

The adsorbent layer of the gas mask adopts activated carbon loaded with catalyst or chemical adsorbent. This kind of activated carbon is usually called kuzi activated carbon or impregnated carbon, or poison proof carbon or catalytic carbon. Impregnated activated carbon achieves the purpose of anti-virus through the following three functions.

① Physical adsorption. Physical adsorption is caused by the mutual attraction between the adsorbate and the adsorbent molecules. The adsorbed molecules maintain their original chemical properties, have no selectivity, and have a fast adsorption and desorption speed. For example, activated carbon has a physical adsorption on the toxic vapors such as sarin, mustard gas, chlorine, etc.

② Chemisorption. Chemisorption is caused by the adsorption of adsorbate and adsorbent molecules by a force similar to the chemical chain. The adsorbate and adsorbent form surface compounds, which are selective and usually irreversible.

③ Catalysis. Catalysis refers to the catalytic reaction of some toxic vapors that are difficult to be physically and chemically adsorbed, which can significantly improve the speed of chemical reaction. The catalytic reaction on the impregnated carbon is mainly oxygen and water in the air. Under the action of the catalyst, it reacts with the toxic agent.

(2) Anti virus principle of filter layer

The filter layer is specially used to filter harmful aerosols. Toxic smoke (solid particles), toxic fog (liquid particles), radioactive dust and particles containing bacteria and viruses are called harmful aerosols. The filtration process of harmful aerosol by the filter layer has little to do with the chemical properties of aerosol particles, but mainly with their physical properties and motion characteristics.

The process of filtering aerosols. At present, the commonly used glass fiber filter layer is composed of many layers of crisscross fiber grids. When aerosol particles pass through, they will always have the opportunity to contact the fiber and be blocked.